A family history of cancer, heart disease, or inherited conditions can raise questions about your own health risks. Genomics offers another way to investigate these concerns by examining DNA variations that may influence disease susceptibility. When used appropriately, genetic testing can support earlier risk assessment and more informed preventive care. [1, 2]
Understanding Inherited Health Risks
Some genetic variants are associated with a higher likelihood of developing particular diseases. For instance, inherited changes in BRCA1/BRCA2 can increase the risk of certain cancers. Polygenic risk scores assess multiple variants to estimate susceptibility to some complex conditions. [1, 3]
Nevertheless, having a risk-associated variant does not necessarily mean you will develop the disease. Lifestyle, environmental exposures, and other biological factors also matter. [1, 2]
| Testing Type | Healthcare Application |
| Hereditary cancer testing | Assesses selected inherited cancer risks [3] |
| Cardiovascular genetic testing | Investigates certain inherited heart conditions [1] |
| Pharmacogenomic testing | Informs the use of selected medicines [1] |
| Carrier screening | Assesses the likelihood of passing on certain inherited conditions [2] |
When Should You Consider Genetic Testing?
Testing may be worth discussing with a healthcare professional if you have a strong family history of chronic diseases or if your clinician identifies a possible inherited risk. The right test depends on your personal history, family history, and the clinical question. [2, 3]
Consumer ancestry tests may not offer the scope or validation required for medical decisions. Genetic counselling can clarify benefits, limitations, and implications for family members. [2]
Making Informed Decisions About DNA Data
Before proceeding, understand the consent process, data storage, sharing policies, and privacy safeguards offered by the testing provider. [1]
Conclusion
Genomics can help individuals and healthcare professionals better understand inherited risks. Combined with clinical assessment and healthy lifestyle choices, these insights may support a more personalised approach to prevention. [1,2]
Book a genetic counselling consultation to discuss your family history and understand your genomic report.
FAQs
What is genomics?
Genomics is the study of the complete set of DNA and how genes interact. It helps explain how genetic information influences health and disease risk. [1]
Can DNA testing identify inherited diseases?
DNA testing can identify certain genetic variants linked to inherited conditions, including some cancers. However, genetic testing can't detect all diseases. [2, 3]
Should I get tested if a disease runs in my family?
If you have a family history of certain diseases, consult a healthcare professional or genetic counsellor. They can help determine whether genetic testing is appropriate. [2, 3]
Does a genetic variant guarantee illness?
No, having a genetic variation does not guarantee that you will get sick. Lifestyle, environment, and other factors also influence your health risks. [1, 2]
Can genomics help prevent cancer?
Genomic testing can identify certain inherited cancer risks. These results may help guide screening and preventive care decisions. [3]
What is genetic counselling?
Genetic counselling helps people understand testing options, results, and possible health implications. It also supports informed decisions about prevention and follow-up care. [2]
Can lifestyle changes affect genetic risk?
Yes, healthy habits may reduce the risk of some diseases despite genetic susceptibility. A balanced diet, moderate exercise, and prescribed screenings can all help to improve general health. [1]